Award details

Chemical study of insect-plant interactions: a contribution to biorational control of crop pests

Reference	BB/R022755/1
Principal Investigator / Supervisor	Professor Toby Bruce
Co-Investigators / Co-Supervisors	Dr Clare Hoskins, Professor William Kirk
Institution	Keele University
Department	Faculty of Natural Sciences
Funding type	Research
Value (£)	78,487
Status	Completed
Type	Research Grant
Start date	01/05/2018
End date	30/04/2019
Duration	12 months

Abstract

unavailable

Summary

New solutions for managing insect pests are urgently needed due to evolution of resistance to current insecticides. This project focuses on development and bioactivity testing of novel nanotech formulations of plant secondary metabolites that could provide new options for crop protection. The Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) group has strong preliminary data showing that nanotech formulations of certain plant flavonoids complexed with Mg (II) substantially reduce growth of insects. Preliminary experiments done by the Keele University (KU) group with PAA (poly(allylamine)) nanotech formulations of essential oils have shown highly significant repellent action, with greatly enhanced activity compared to conventionally formulated material. UK-Brazil collaboration would provide an ideal opportunity to strengthen this new and promising area of research. The project includes Workshops and exchange visits to build a research network between the groups. Both groups will share expertise and work together to create novel nanotech formulations of plant secondary metabolites (flavonoids such as Hesperidin and Naringenin, phenolic acids and essential oils). Parallel experiments will be conducted testing activity against selected insects, chosen due to their relevance to Brazilian agriculture and insecticide resistance challenges. Bioassays with Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, and peach-potato aphid, Myzus persicae, will be conducted at KU; with whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, at São Paulo State University (UNESP), and with fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda at UFSCar. Antibiotic, antifeedant and repellent activity will be tested for using established methods. The experiments conducted in the pump-priming project will reveal the potential for use of nanotechnology to improve the formulation of plant secondary metabolites for use against insects. The project will benefit from the expertise in the KU School of Pharmacy Co-I who has considerable expertise in development of nanotech formulations for the medical sector. We will consider the extent to which low cost technologies already developed for medicines can be translated into the agricultural field. In addition to the programme of empirical research, we will also conduct a literature review of the area and submit this to a high quality scientific journal as a contribution to knowledge. We think there is considerable potential for cross-fertilisation between the disciplines involved in the project (chemistry, medicine and entomology). This has potential to allow agricultural formulation technology to "leapfrog" into nanotechnology by using approaches already developed for Medicine. Furthermore, there will, of course, be insights gained by sharing insights with the Brazilian scientists who are at the forefront of the development of nanotechnology for crop protection. The project has considerable potential to generate much needed new tools for managing insect pests of crops. The project will allow us to test the hypothesis that bioactivity of plant secondary metabolites can be enhanced by delivery via novel nanotech formulations.

Impact Summary

Who might benefit from this research? The research would benefit the farmers and the farming industry by developing new tools for managing pests. Currently, crop protection products are being lost to resistance or changes in legislation at a far faster rate than new treatments are being developed. This means that farmers urgently need new solutions. Insect pests cause annual losses of US$17.7 billion to the Brazilian economy with average annual losses estimated at 7.7% of total crop production. The insect species focussed on by the project (Western flower thrips, peach-potato aphid, silverleaf whitefly and fall armyworm) are chosen due to their relevance to Brazilian agriculture and insecticide resistance challenges. How might they benefit from this research? The pump-priming project is designed to meet a real need for innovation in crop protection by exploring how nanotechnology may enhance the bioactivity of plant secondary metabolites. We envisage that the project will make an excellent contribution to the development of new approaches for crop protection that are based on plant secondary metabolites delivered through novel nanotech formulations. The farmers would obtain the new tools and there would be a business opportunity for agricultural companies interested in manufacturing the new products. Although it is a relatively small pump-priming project, it will address a generic challenge in agriculture: crop varieties that were bred for yield and test often lack the secondary metabolites wild plants use for protection against pests or diseases. By providing a mechanism for delivering bioactive plant secondary metabolites, in a controlled way, the project would help to reduce the vulnerability of crops to attacking pests.

Committee	Not funded via Committee
Research Topics	Crop Science, Plant Science
Research Priority	X – Research Priority information not available
Research Initiative	Newton Fund - BBSRC-FAPESP Joint Pump-Priming Awards for AMR in Agriculture (NFBRAZILAMR) [2017]
Funding Scheme	X – not Funded via a specific Funding Scheme

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